23 threads with extreme variability in both color and weight.” 24 With time, practice, and mastery, Amaral has given herself the flexibility to play freely with the grid, embracing and negating its structure, painting, plaiting, wrapping, and transforming warp and weft, build- ing a new language for textiles and fiber art in the process. NOTES 1 Olga de Amaral, The House of My Imagination: Lecture by Olga de Amaral at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, April 24, 2003 (Bogotá: Zona, 2003), 7. 2 Edward Lucie-Smith et al., Olga de Amaral: The Mantle of Memory (Paris: Somogy Éditions D’Art, 2013), 24. 3 Amaral, The House of My Imagination , 6. 4 Lucie-Smith et al., Olga de Amaral , 101. 5 “La violencia,” The J. León Helguera Collection of Colombiana at Vanderbilt University, Heard Library, accessed October 16, 2019, http://exhibits.library.vanderbilt.edu/colombia20c/essays.php?topic=la_violencia#fn2. 6 Olga de Amaral and Andrea Amaral, email message to author, September 23, 2019. 7 Robert Judson Clark et al., Design in America: The Cranbrook Vision, 1925–1950 (New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1983), 187. 8 Charles Talley, “Olga de Amaral,” American Craft 48, no.2 (April/May 1988): 40. 9 Lucie-Smith et al., Olga de Amaral , 44. 10 Carolyn Fleig, “Draperies and Curtains,” Home Furnishings Daily , February 15, 1967. 11 Lillian Elliott, “Artist, Instructor, and Innovator in Fiber Arts,” oral history by Harriet Nathan, 1989, transcript, Regional Oral History Office, the Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, CA. 12 Gramote, a term that does not translate into English, refers to a plant with berries that is used to dye wool in the Andes Mountains. 13 The first and second biennials, in 1962 and 1965 respectively, were juried by national committees. The third biennial was juried by international representatives. 14 Amaral exhibited Entrelazado en blanco y negro (Interlaced in White and Black) (1965) at the 1967 Lausanne Biennial. 15 Nell Znamierowski, “Olga Amaral,” Craft Horizons 27, no.3 (May/June 1967): 31. 16 Amaral exhibited in the 1967, 1971, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1987, and 1992 Lausanne Biennials. 17 Olga de Amaral, artist file, American Craft Council Library, Minneapolis, MN. 18 Richard Howard, “Olga de Amaral,” Craft Horizons 30, no.6 (December 1970): 58. 19 Jack Lenor Larsen and Betty Freudenheim, Interlacing: The Elemental Fabric (Tokyo: Kodansha International, 1986), 91. 20 Talley, “Olga de Amaral,” 40. 21 Ibid., 44. 22 Olga de Amaral et al., Olga de Amaral: Nine Stelae and Other Landscapes (Fresno, CA: Fresno Art Museum, 1996), 2. 23 Amaral, The House of My Imagination , 13–14. 24 Ibid., 11–12.